On this day in..........

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ABATTBQ87
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Liberation of Cherbourg, France by VII Corps; June 27, 1944



Aggie1205
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Meant to post this yesterday.

June 26th 1243 - The battle of Kose Dag occurs in modern day Turkey between the forces of the Sultanate of Rum and the Mongol Empire. The Mongols won despite being outnumbered and this victory allowed them to take a number of key cities and collect a large tribute. The Sultanate of Rum never fully recovered the Mongols went on to hold a large portion of Anatolia.
BQ78
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1862 Battle of Gaines Mill. The Seven Days still goes badly for Lee as thousands of casualties are wracked up trying to drive the Federal army off the ridge at Gaines Mill. Jackson performs poorly again and the day would have been a disaster for the Confederates, except for the dashing charge at the end of the day by Hood's Texas Brigade. Splashing across Boatswains Creek and up the ridge into a layered Federal defense, Hood and particularly the 4th Texas drive through the Federal line and send them into a retreat from the battlefield. It marks Lee's first "victory" in command of the Army of Northern Virginia but it cements the reputation of the Texas Brigade as the shock troops of the army.
The Marksman
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June 28, 1519:
Charles I of Spain is crowned Holy Roman Emperor

June 28, 1836:
James Madison, 4th President of the United States of America, dies in Virginia at the age of 85. Madison, the Father of the Constitution, also was one of the writers of the Federalist Papers.

June 28, 1914:
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria is assassinated in Sarajevo by Gavrilo Princip, sparking World War I

June 28, 1919:
The Treaty of Versailles ends World War I

June 28, 1997:
Mike Tyson partially bites off Evander Holyfield's ear
nortex97
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  • 1902 The U.S. Congress passes the Spooner Act, authorizing President Theodore Roosevelt to acquire rights from Colombia for the Panama Canal, enabling Jimmy Carter to give it away later.
  • 1942 World War II: Nazi Germany starts its strategic summer offensive against the Soviet Union, codenamed Case Blue.
nortex97
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  • 1613 The original Globe Theatre in London burned to the ground after a cannon employed for special effects misfired during a performance of William Shakespeare's Henry VIII and ignited the theatre's roof.
  • 1764 One of the strongest tornadoes in history strikes Woldegk, Germany, killing one person while leveling numerous mansions with winds estimated greater than 300 miles per hour (480 km/h).
  • 1889 Hyde Park and several other Illinois townships vote to be annexed by Chicago, forming the largest United States city in area and second largest in population at the time.
  • 1922 France grants 1 km at Vimy Ridge "freely, and for all time, to the Government of Canada, the free use of the land exempt from all taxes".
  • 1956 The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 is signed, officially creating the United States Interstate Highway System.
  • 1975 Steve Wozniak tested his first prototype of Apple I computer.
  • 2007 Apple Inc. releases their first mobile phone, the iPhone.
BQ78
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1862, The Battle of Savage Station, Day 5 of the Seven Days Battle. Lee loses another opportunity due to a sleepy Stonewall Jackson, who is slow to build a bridge over the Chickahominy to trap the Federals. Lee fired Magruder and Huger after the Seven Days, but their shortcomings were much less than those of Jackson during the campaign. I think Lee was biased toward and more forgiving of fellow Virginians (but, in this case, it was a serendipitous prejudice that served him well later). The Army of lions led by a rabbit still falls back and the lions led by a lion pursue the best they can despite their one sleepy lion,

Really more related to the Gaines Mill Battle as it was taken on June 27, but this is one of the few action photographs of the Civil War it is the field hospital at Savage Station treating the wounded from Gaines Mill. If you go to the link and magnify it, there are some interesting details.



We know many of these men belong to the 16th New York, including the surgeon working on the man in the center foreground because of the distinctive straw hats they wore:

nortex97
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  • 1934 The Night of the Long Knives, Adolf Hitler's violent purge of his political rivals in Germany, takes place.
  • 1953 The first Chevrolet Corvette rolls off the assembly line in Flint, Michigan.
  • 1960 Belgian Congo gains independence as Republic of the Congo (Lopoldville).
  • 1986 The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Bowers v. Hardwick that states can outlaw homosexual acts between consenting adults.
  • 1990 East Germany and West Germany merge their economies.
The Marksman
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June 30, 1905:
Einstein publishes his revolutionary theory of relativity

June 30, 1936:
Margaret Mitchell publishes Gone with the Wind

June 30, 1985:
Michael Phelps, the greatest Olympian of all time, is born in Baltimore
BQ78
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1862, The Battle of Frayser's Farm, day 6 of the Seven Days Battles. This was the biggest lost opportunity of the battle, maybe even the war. Lee was poised to hit McClellan on both flanks simultaneously and sent orders accordingly. The story of what happened on the Union left I told a few weeks ago in the mind-blowing thread of how an old English inheritance case caused Lee to lose the opportunity. Perhaps that was a bit of hyperbole because even without that attack, Sleepy Stonewall had been tasked to hit the Union right. So let me tell you about that, or rather mainly let Wade Hampton tell you what happened.

In a letter to his sister, Hampton described how Jackson had arrived at the burnt bridge over White Oak Swamp at 10 a.m., just across from the Federal right flank. Federal artillery was covering the crossing with artillery. Jackson ordered Hampton to rebuild the bridge, but he quickly countered that order when the Federal artillery barked into action on the engineers.

Hampton decided to reconnoiter the swamp and rode off into it:
Quote:

to my surprise I found no difficulty in crossing it. This I did and I came out on the opposite side, just in rear of the right flank of the enemy. Carefully reconnoitering them I recrossed and reported the results of my observation to General Whiting and afterwards to General Jackson.
Hampton emphasized how easy it would be to flank the enemy from this new crossing, but Jackson did not seem to understand. Continuing his account, Hampton wrote Jackson
Quote:

enquired if I could make a bridge across the stream, to which I replied that I could make one for infantry, but not for artillery, as in attempting the latter my presence would be detected, owing to the fact that we should have to cut down trees in order to clear a road for wheels. General Jackson directed me to make the bridge, and taking a detail of 50 men I put it up in a very short time. It may be well to state too that the stream here was so narrow and shallow that it offered in reality no obstruction to the passage of troops.
The superfluous bridge completed, Hampton rode across the creek one more time to find the enemy
Quote:

in the same position and totally unsuspicious of our presence, though I approached their line within 100 to 150 yards.
Hampton returned to Jackson a second time finding him sitting on a pine log with his cap pulled down over his eyes apparently asleep. Hampton woke him and made his report. Jackson sat in silence for some awkward seconds and closed his eyes again. Hampton continued
Quote:

He sat in silence for some time then rose and walked off in silence.
Hampton returned to his brigade to await attack orders. They never came.
nortex97
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Thx, Hampton is a bit of an under-studied historical figure, imho, including his post-war career.
BQ78
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Absolutely.

He was a terrific governor and senator who could have taught today's politicians a thing or two about reaching across the aisle as he worked well with Republicans. His biggest downfall was supporting the Bernie Sanders of his day for governor out of party loyalty and it cost him his senate seat.

An avid outdoorsman and crack shot, he loved hunting and fishing but that cost him a leg when he leaped off a spooked mule during a hunt after the war and he broke his leg in two places, one a compound fracture.

One of my favorite stories about him is during the war his aide and him caught a yankee bathing in the stream and told him he was a prisoner. The Yankee pleaded with him to let him go as he was just a commissary clerk. Hampton agreed but said he would have to leave his clothes as the Confederate Army needed them. The Yank started walking back to his lines naked, when Hampton laughed and said come get your clothes before you go. The yank thanked him and said, I'll name my first son after you.

Thirty years later Hampton was waiting for the elevator at his DC hotel and a nicely dressed young man walked up and asked if he was Senator Hampton. Saying he was, the young man asked if he had remembered the incident with the Yank. Saying he did, the young man replied that he was the man's first born son and his first name was Wade and his middle name Hampton. Hampton's jaw dropped and the young man walked off before Hampton could say anything.
nortex97
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July 1, 1863, Gettysburg begins.
  • 1517 First burning of Protestants at stake in Netherlands. Over religion.
  • 1520 La Noche Triste: Joint Mexican Indian force led by Aztecs under Cuitlhuac defeat Spanish Conquistadors under Hernn Corts.
  • 1837 A system of civil registration of births, marriages and deaths is established in England and Wales. Before that, you didn't need a marriage license.
  • 1847 First US postage stamps go on sale, 5-cent Franklin & 10-cent Washington, in New York City.
  • 1863 American Civil War: The Battle of Gettysburg begins.


More at the thread. Buford deserves special credit on this day for his bravery and shrewd actions.
BQ78
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1862: Day 7 of the Seven Days, Malvern Hill, Lee launches a frontal attack on the Federals positioned on a ridge with excellent artillery coverage of an open field. Thousands die needlessly. Sound familiar? Lee would repeat this error one year and 2 days later in Pennsylvania.

Still McClellan abandons his strong position and falls back to Harrison's Landing, ending the Seven Days Battle and the Peninsula Campaign.
The Marksman
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July 1, 1535:
Sir Thomas More, former Lord Chancelor, is put on trial for treason. His crimes were that he refused to recognize Henry VIII as the head of the Church of England or to accept his divorce of Catherine of Aragon in favor of Anne Boleyn. His judges included Anne Boleyn's uncle, father, and brother, and the jury took only 15 minutes to find him guilty.

July 1, 1916:
The Battle of the Somme begins. More than 1 million soldiers would be either wounded or killed by the time the battle ended in November, making it one of the bloodiest, most deadly battles in history.

July 1, 1942:
The Battle of El Alamein begins.
JABQ04
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The Battle of Gettysburg begins today in 1863.

The infamous Battle of the Somme begins. By the end of the day approximately 58,,000 British and Commonwealth Soldiers will become casualties, of those close to 20,000 are killed.
nortex97
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Wow, summer fighting season really is something of a July 1 tradition in the northern hemisphere, I'd say.
JABQ04
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I don't know why they called the summer "Fighting Season" in Afghanistan. Way too hot for that BS. Needs to be more of March to early June and pick back up from end of September to November.
nortex97
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Not a big Cher fan by any stretch but the video backdrop here was pretty cool. The USS Missouri would be decommissioned (again) just a few years later, in 1992 as the Cold War ended.
nortex97
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  • 1897 Italian scientist Guglielmo Marconi obtains patent for radio in London although Nikola Tesla and others had done better, earlier.
  • 1900 First zeppelin flight takes place on Lake Constance near Friedrichshafen, Germany.
  • 1934 The Night of the Long Knives ends with the death of Ernst Röhm.
  • 1937 Amelia Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan are last heard from over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to make the first equatorial round-the-world flight.
  • 1964 Notoriously bigoted Democrat President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ostensibly meant to prohibit segregation in public places.
  • 1982 "Lawnchair Larry" Walters using lawn chair & 42 helium balloons, rose to 16,000 feet over California. "A man can't just sit around."
  • 1990 In the 1990 Mecca tunnel tragedy, 1,400 Muslim pilgrims are suffocated to death and trampled upon in a pedestrian tunnel leading to Mecca.
The Marksman
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July 2, 1776:
The Second Continental Congress votes for independence from Britain

July 2, 1881:
President James Garfield is shot by Charles Guiteau. Garfield would die 80 days later of blood poisoning caused by the doctors, not the bullet wounds.

July 2, 1900:
First ever zeppelin flight takes place in Germany

July 2, 1937:
Amelia Earhart disappears near Howland Island in the Pacific. Neither she nor her plane have ever been found.

July 2, 1962:
Sam Walton opens the first ever Walmart in Rogers, Arkansas
BQ78
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1863: Jeff Daniels wins the Civil War on Day 2 of Gettysburg
JABQ04
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July 2nd 1863. My GGG Uncle, PVT Charles D, Brashear Jr is mortally wounded assaulting Devils Den or Little Round Top with Co F 5th Texas.

Also, despite the lack of publicity, the 1st Minnesota Infantry arguably saves the Union Line on July 2nd by sacrificing themselves to buy time for Union Reinforcements to arrive at a gap in the line. Ordered by General Hancock to assault incoming Confederates of Wilcox's brigade of Alabamians. 262 men charge, 47 return uninjured. Then on July 3rd, their numbers bolstered by the return of one of their companies who was detached for the previous day, luck would place them at the epicenter of Pickets charge at the angle, and again suffer more casualties.
BQ78
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This Troiani Print hangs over the desk of my home office. That is probably uncle Brashear lying on the Virginia Creeper, underneath the flag of the 5th.
The Marksman
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July 3, 1608:
Samuel de Champlain founds the city of Quebec, the first permanent European settlement in Canada

July 3, 1775:
George Washington formally takes command of the Continental Army at Cambridge, Massachusetts

July 3, 1863:
The Battle of Gettysburg comes to an end

July 3, 1890:
Idaho becomes the 43rd state

July 3, 1962:
Tom Cruise is born in Syracuse, New York
nortex97
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  • 1775 American Revolutionary War: George Washington takes command of the Continental Army at Cambridge, Massachusetts.
  • 1776 American Revolution: The United States Declaration of Independence is adopted by the Second Continental Congress.
  • 1778 American Revolutionary War: Iroquois allied to Britain kill 360 people in the Wyoming Valley massacre.
  • 1849 France invades the Roman Republic and restores the Papal States.
  • 1863 U.S. Civil War: The final day of the Battle of Gettysburg culminates with Pickett's Charge. When General Lee told General Pickett to rally his division for defense afterward, Picket replied, "General Lee, I have no division.". His command had suffered over 50% casualties.
  • 1886 Karl Benz officially unveils the Benz Patent Motorwagen the first purpose-built automobile.
The Marksman
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July 4, 1776:
The Continental Congress adopts the Declaration of Independance, proclaiming the independence of the American colonies form Great Britain.

July 4, 1826:
Founding Fathers and former Presidents Thomas Jefferson and John Adams die on the exact same day

July 4, 1884:
France gifts the Statue of Liberty to America
Aggie12B
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We the people...
nortex97
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Well, that sure bombed. Technically, I think this was a 're-invention' as the Romans had some similar clothing.

  • 1937 Spam, the luncheon meat, is introduced into the market by the Hormel Foods Corporation.
  • 1940 World War II: The United Kingdom and the Vichy France government break off diplomatic relations. France is in full "collaborate" mode.
  • 1943 Beginning of the Battle of Kursk, the largest full-scale battle in history and the world's largest tank battle, at Prokhorovka village. The Soviets lost three or four to every German, in tanks and men, but the Germans couldn't afford those losses. The Soviets could. "Quantity has a quality all its own."
  • 1950 Zionism: The Knesset passes the Law of Return which grants all Jews the right to immigrate to Israel.
  • 1950 Korean War: Task Force Smith: American and North Korean forces first clash, in the Battle of Osan. We were outnumbered ten to one.
nortex97
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  • 1939 Anti-Jewish legislation in prewar National Socialist Germany closes the last remaining Jewish enterprises.
  • 1944 French General De Gaulle arrives in Washington, DC and General Patton lands in France.
  • 1947 The AK-47 goes into production in the Soviet Union.
  • 1967 Nigerian Civil War: Nigerian forces invade Biafra, beginning the war. Before it's over, more than two million, mostly civilians, will perish.
  • 1988 The Piper Alpha drilling platform in the North Sea is destroyed by explosions and fires. 167 oil workers are killed, making it the world's worst offshore oil disaster in terms of lives lost.
Also, in 1975, 'Wish You Were Here' by Pink Floyd debuted, at the Knebworth Festival.
The Marksman
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July 7, 1307:
Edward I of England, also known as Edward Longshanks or the Hammer of the Scots, dies while marching north to fight Robert the Bruce

July 7, 1898:
Hawaii is annexed by the U.S.

July 7, 1930:
Work begins on the Hoover Dam. Over 21,000 men would spend 5 years constructing it.

July 7, 1937:
The second Sino-Japanese War begins
The Marksman
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July 8, 1497:
Vasca de Gama sets out from Lisbon with four vessels on his voyage to India

July 8, 1853:
Commodore Matthew Perry sails into Tokyo Bay to establish U.S. diplomatic relations with Japan

July 8, 1889:
Charles Henry Dow publishes the very first issue of the Wall Street Journal

July 8, 1918:
An 18 year old ambulance driver from Illinois name Ernest Hemingway is wounded by mortar fire on the Italian front

July 8, 1950:
Douglas MacArthur is named commander of the U.N. forces in Korea

July 8, 1959:
The first American troops are killed in the Vietnam War
The Marksman
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July 9, 1762:
Catherine the Great assumes rallies the army against her new husband, Peter III, and assumes control of Russia after a successful coup

July 9, 1850:
President Zachary Taylor dies unexpectedly while still in office

July 9, 1856:
Nikola Tesla is born in Smiljan, Croatia. Some reports state he was born the 10th, so we'll never know exactly.

July 9, 1911:
John Archibald Wheeler is born in Jacksonville, Florida

July 9, 1918:
William Faulkner joins the Royal Air Force, but never sees action in the war

July 9, 1956:
Tom Hanks is born in Concord, California

July 9, 2011:
South Sudan declares independence from Sudan

July 9, 2019:
Ross Perot dies at the age of 89
nortex97
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Some interesting events.

  • 1868 The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified guaranteeing African Americans full citizenship and all persons in the United States due process of law.
  • 1916 First cargo submarine to cross Atlantic arrives in US from Germany carrying synthetic dyes, drugs and mail. This was a 'cargo submarine' that brought goods smuggled out of Germany in WW I past the French and British blockades.
  • 1943 World War II: The Allied invasion of Sicily soon causes the downfall of Mussolini and forces Hitler to break off the Battle of Kursk.
  • 1944 World War II: Battle of Saipan Americans take Saipan after invading on June 15.
  • 1944 World War II: Battle of Tali-Ihantala Finland wins the Battle of Tali-Ihantala, the largest battle ever fought in northern Europe. The Red Army withdraws its troops from Ihantala and digs into defensive position, thus ending the VyborgPetrozavodsk Offensive.
  • 1958 Lituya Bay, Alaska is hit by a mega-tsunami caused by an earthquake-induced landslide. The wave is recorded at 524 meters high, making it the largest wave in history.
  • 1962 The Starfish Prime high-altitude nuclear test is conducted by the United States of America. The electromagnetic pulse (EMP) from this shot took out equipment in Hawaii 900 miles away.
The Marksman
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July 10, 1460:
The battle of Northampton ends with Richard of York capturing King Henry VI. It is the first battle in the history of England in which artillery is used.

July 10, 1890:
Wyoming becomes the 44th state

July 10, 1940:
The Battle of Britain begins and will last for almost four months
 
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